xxc Standard Library & Operator Reference

> Every module ships inside the single-file distribution — nothing to

> install. Sections marked *(async; concurrency)* participate in the async

> I/O runtime under --features concurrency; db/sqlite needs the

> sqlite feature. Related pages:

> Language Guide ·

> 中文版：标准库与运算符参考。

Standard Library

std/time

time.now()      ms since epoch
time.epoch()    seconds since epoch
time.sleep(ms)  block the current thread *(not task-aware)*

std/json

json.encode(v)          -> string (structs/classes/arrays/maps)
json.decode(s)          -> value (objects become indexable)

std/random

rand.int(max)       [0, max)
rand.float()        [0, 1)
rand.seed(n)
rand.choice(arr)
rand.shuffle(arr)   -> new shuffled array

std/os

os.file_exists(path) -> bool
os.read_file(path)   -> string
os.write_file(path, content)
os.mkdir(path)
os.list_dir(path)    -> array of names
os.env(key)          -> string or nil
os.cwd()             -> string

std/regex

re.matches(pat, text)            -> bool
re.find(pat, text)               -> first match string or nil
re.find_all(pat, text)           -> array of all matches
re.replace(pat, text, repl)      -> string
re.split(pat, text)              -> array

Supported syntax: literals, ., * + ? {n,m}, character classes

[abc] [^abc] [a-z], \d \w \s (and negations), ^ $ anchors, |,

(...), escapes.

std/crypto

crypto.md5(s)       -> 32-hex-char digest
crypto.sha256(s)    -> 64-hex-char digest

std/base64

b64.encode(s)   b64.decode(s)

std/uri

u := uri.parse("https://host:8080/path?q=1")
u.scheme u.host u.port u.path u.query
uri.encode(s)    percent-encoding

std/fs *(async; concurrency)*

fs.read_file(path)   fs.write_file(path, content)

net/tcp *(async; concurrency)*

l := tcp.listen(port)
c := tcp.accept(l)
line := tcp.read_line(c)     // up to and including '\n'
body := tcp.read(c, n)       // exactly n bytes
tcp.write(c, s)
tcp.close(c)

net/http *(async; concurrency)*

body := http.get("http://host/path")

db/sqlite *(feature sqlite)*

db := sqlite.open(path)            // ":memory:" works
sqlite.exec(db, sql)               // DDL / DML
rows := sqlite.query(db, sql)      // -> array of row objects
sqlite.close(db)
for row in rows { print(row.id, row.name) }

gui (headless)

root := gui.col([gui.text("Hi"), gui.rect(60, 20, gui.rgb(40,120,200))])
gui.render(root, "out.svg", w, h)
gui.render_bmp(root, "out.bmp", w, h)
gui.row([...])  gui.text(s)  gui.rect(w,h,color)  gui.rgb(r,g,b)
gui.show(root, w, h)               // native window (feature gui-window)

js — built-in JavaScript engine

js.run(code)      // execute, print via console.log
js.eval(code)     // execute, return last value (converted)

The engine implements an ES subset: let/const, functions + arrows, objects,

arrays, closures, control flow, try/catch, Math, JSON, console.

webview

wv.render(html, w, h, "out.bmp")   // parse + lay out + rasterize
wv.run_scripts(html)               // execute <script> tags

Operators

Precedence (highest to lowest):

| Prec | Operators | Category |

|---|---|---|

| highest | fn(...) call, . field/index, [...] index, postfix ? | postfix |

| — | unary - ! ~ | unary |

| 7 | * / % | multiplicative |

| 6 | + - | additive |

| 5 | << >> & \| ^ | bitwise |

| 4 | < <= > >= | comparison |

| 3 | == != | equality |

| 2 | && | and |

| 1 | \|\| | or |

| 0 | = (assignment), ch <- v (send) | assignment |

&&/|| short-circuit. + adds numbers and concatenates strings

(string + non-string is a type error; convert with str()). Bitwise ops

work on int (& | ^ also on bool). Integer division truncates;

x / 0 and x % 0 on ints are runtime errors.